How to tell temperature by using molecular motion - Middle School 1st grade - 2nd semester

한글

Do you know what 'molecules' are? In the dictionary, it is 'the smallest particle that an object can have.' Well, this thing called 'molecule' also exercises, and we can know what the temperature is, by using how much the molecule's exercising is lively.

First, molecular motion is divided into three groups - molecular motion when the condition is different, molecular motion when the temperature is different, and molecular motion when the condition and temperature are all different. Now, let me tell you about molecular motion when the condition is different. Let's look at a chart to understand it easily.

From this, we can understand that when the condition is different, the activity of molecular motion is

Solid matter < Liquid < Gas

Now, let's look at why this is in this order. Oh, and remember that all molecules exercise.

Many molecules are listed in a perfect line and they all want to move. When they try to move, there are all these other molecules blocking the way.

⇒ vibratory motion

On the other hand, in this part, the molecules are bit separated. So they move, but they are still close.

⇒ bit lively motion

Lastly on this part, all the molecules are very far and there are enough space to move very fast.

⇒ lively motion

and let's present this in picture.

Next is molecular motion when the temperature is different. Let's look at the drawing.

The girl in the first picture is looking very happy, in a warm place. Meanwhile, the girl in the second picture is curing up, because the weather is so cold. Molecules are the same as this. They act more wildly when the temperature is higher. And this is related to Charles's law. For example, I will say there is a crushed ping-pong ball. Inside the ball, there are molecules. Well when we put the crushed ball in the boiling water. it gets to it's original state, because molecules acted wildly.

Lastly, we will learn about molecular motion when the condition and temperature are all different. When we put higher temperature to solid matter, liquid, and gas, solid matter does more lively vibratory motion, and liquid and gas does more lively motion.